This change resolves an internal inconsistency in BIP-431 between Rule 3 and the “Related Work” section (and linked Core PRs) that assume clusters of at most size 2 for TRUC. Previously, Rule 3 allowed up to one unconfirmed ancestor and one unconfirmed descendant simultaneously, which permits a 3-transaction cluster (parent → tx → child). However, “Related Work” states “1-parent-1-child (aka cluster size 2)” and references features that rely on maximum cluster size 2 (feerate diagrams: PR 29242; package RBF: PR 28984; sibling eviction: PR 29306).
what is the problem: Rule 3 allowed “≤1 ancestor” and “≤1 descendant” at the same time, enabling a chain of three unconfirmed transactions. “Related Work” asserts “1-parent-1-child (aka cluster size 2)” and the referenced PRs constrain features to clusters of size ≤2, which is incompatible with a size-3 cluster.