ci/tests: Bump timeouts so all functional tests run on travis in valgrind #17763

The newly added valgrind ci run is also run on travis. However, due to the slowdown of valgrind, some tests time out. Fixing this issue might take some time, but it should be rather easy. First, remove this line:

https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/890eac8f8286496bbae664792cd2a1e56991c669/ci/test/00_setup_env_native_valgrind.sh#L12

Then, see which tests time out and bump their timeouts. Repeat.

The purpose of the good first issue label is to highlight which issues are suitable for a new contributor without a deep understanding of the codebase.

Useful skills:

Basic skills (Bash, Python, docker, virtual machines, valgrind)

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Example diff:

diff --git a/test/functional/wallet_dump.py b/test/functional/wallet_dump.py
index 53edf710b..8bd375fc3 100755
--- a/test/functional/wallet_dump.py
+++ b/test/functional/wallet_dump.py
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ class WalletDumpTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
 
         # encrypt wallet, restart, unlock and dump
         self.nodes[0].encryptwallet('test')
-        self.nodes[0].walletpassphrase('test', 10)
+        self.nodes[0].walletpassphrase('test', 60)
         # Should be a no-op:
         self.nodes[0].keypoolrefill()
         self.nodes[0].dumpwallet(wallet_enc_dump)

Hi I am planning working on this!