Following the merge of wtxid relay in #18044, this is the first of three refactoring PRs (this one, #19610, and #19611) with no change in behavior, tightly scoped to ease review, to simplify the net processing code and improve encapsulation:
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add CInvtransaction message helper methods, defined in the class
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use the new helpers in net_processing.cppto simplify the code and improve encapsulation
Test coverage is provided by the functional p2p tests, notably (from seeing which tests failed when breaking things to test coverage) p2p_segwit, p2p_tx_download, p2p_feefilter, and p2p_permissions.