For example, $(package)_config_env is prepended to $(package)_config_cmds, which means that if $(package)_config_cmds contains multiple commands chained by &&, only the first command would have its environment modified according to $(package)_config_env.
Since $(package)_*_env settings contain crucial env vars such as PATH or PKG_CONFIG_PATH, its omission in subsequent commands is likely a bug:
This has lead to problems such as: #16883 (comment)
A test-able demo of this problem: https://github.com/dongcarl/bitcoin/commit/e233c6d1e96ed35489c6be37f07bd01546083b9e