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[2001:4860:4864:20::29]) by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTPS id 586e51a60fabf-4177de8b3a7si550178fac.0.2026.03.16.04.13.07 for (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 bits=128/128); Mon, 16 Mar 2026 04:13:07 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of martin.habovstiak@gmail.com designates 2001:4860:4864:20::29 as permitted sender) client-ip=2001:4860:4864:20::29; Received: by mail-oa1-x29.google.com with SMTP id 586e51a60fabf-40ee9b945d5so2885557fac.0 for ; Mon, 16 Mar 2026 04:13:07 -0700 (PDT) ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; t=1773659587; cv=none; d=google.com; s=arc-20240605; b=imX2fPSMZdCvCay4AMW+zEhNgL2GhnG/HsYWCfzGaL1YTqd9X8WjBe3oGSOTQsNGlL Efmc2i+ZsXf5Jg5M1BaoSrS5DXbfwqKS/WD8uwVbn9oVP8gJbSVwiVrOereJv8HsD9K8 8m4gA4S7+B8f6Az5xHs26K+CYY/OizrchCh/4wTrRWRH/Ttovakc2vOwjqtIMbqdvzgk MzXy4F13i9NnHiJWvApDWd7NFbdG+h9zcwg72JCJ9d0fEGqVGdDgtWVOzTTNDVXSQVqb jWMNhlPXW/nsScQmICtOna2Ph5UfkH8uvOpSKNBBqoCgpJGIBohiOfCKdADR8bDjlh3o tmeQ== ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=google.com; s=arc-20240605; h=cc:to:subject:message-id:date:from:in-reply-to:references :mime-version:dkim-signature; bh=hgNfUu2CquMBqCh8OWnxnwAEC4+2p4O1p3vAFM2tteE=; fh=mQ65DjksMfpG9wM24PB36rad6dWAmzL2MpuOdHPZPFg=; b=PgxmeztgZAru94+5sn+6ha5bX0TRGgkDiKXOFEHL7UPrXXalM1Uw3oMkXEG2cKAHPc 3wR0KFKKwRHgqIK50Vr7Qm8gqC8aNm7lAdQzcK+pOn4aIOsM4xho+ozWBSdF3qSmwExB k574QknzpaKGQVAcQGHeeifL3KfuxZbElbpFZbsZ+m3jS6Y/gHUir3NfVUOqm3YBnRmb V2f1hzlKcWw3mVUqxE1HJLQIzjbwpNS2urZ6T9+IjyaPKLXBwSgwQ7rCGFgqLOIo7pCi jiEKxoXvDRXO3/WFVWh108z6h1tnkG/Lpd8BgSVMwZSVaHRETlYf8xeVLLKZXFiWpN5l N/ow==; dara=google.com ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx.google.com; arc=none X-Gm-Gg: ATEYQzzGHuxInrO63WcP+z6aVOIfw+LLJqwKJoOB9Bh7uIGuQD7q/RFlpu3+PJD8n8R pzh9S+gQmDTJeYZ5/CtxcixXg0/5lagSrAPuBNtUZmwBc19JZcFatypoYoaqkapz3rL1nosunO/ h6wYH0BH6PjNxSQYZZXx560LIjjrcQdfnjWDHPEi5CJL3K8KIcgA0ii0UVs3jVHAtk54N+JtVQB FL69txImsLrwmjniuDUyhBdBnEvUTfwyw27AMDIJSaVMx5XxsqUzUOGdULPTwZJoV+xs8CSBP9x LPBW9TRRjzjCRMgXQw== X-Received: by 2002:a05:6820:1888:b0:676:6c3c:a1eb with SMTP id 006d021491bc7-67bdaa654ccmr9371746eaf.59.1773659586858; Mon, 16 Mar 2026 04:13:06 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 References: <3dcadd5d-702a-4e6c-ad6c-2ddfe68ec73en@googlegroups.com> In-Reply-To: <3dcadd5d-702a-4e6c-ad6c-2ddfe68ec73en@googlegroups.com> From: =?UTF-8?Q?Martin_Habov=C5=A1tiak?= Date: Mon, 16 Mar 2026 12:12:55 +0100 X-Gm-Features: AaiRm51FvPNp-q5ef1O81BxOPLMlw8YaV6_TKzPJWiyC-7AHYkTRQ-ZF6JT-W48 Message-ID: Subject: Re: [bitcoindev] [BIP proposal] Pay to Schnorr Key Hash (P2SKH) To: sashabeton Cc: Bitcoin Development Mailing List Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="000000000000a09114064d224d77" X-Original-Sender: martin.habovstiak@gmail.com X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com; dkim=pass header.i=@gmail.com header.s=20230601 header.b="QgR5V2/V"; arc=pass (i=1); spf=pass (google.com: domain of martin.habovstiak@gmail.com designates 2001:4860:4864:20::29 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=martin.habovstiak@gmail.com; dmarc=pass (p=NONE sp=QUARANTINE dis=NONE) header.from=gmail.com; dara=pass header.i=@googlegroups.com Precedence: list Mailing-list: list bitcoindev@googlegroups.com; contact bitcoindev+owners@googlegroups.com List-ID: X-Google-Group-Id: 786775582512 List-Post: , List-Help: , List-Archive: , List-Unsubscribe: , X-Spam-Score: -0.5 (/) --000000000000a09114064d224d77 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Taproot specifically did not do this for good reasons that are well documented. I recommend you to read documentation first before attempting to make changes. D=C5=88a po 16. 3. 2026, 11:48 sashabeton nap=C3= =ADsal(a): > Hi everyone, > > I'd like to propose a new native SegWit output type: Pay to Schnorr Key > Hash (P2SKH). > > =3D=3D The problem =3D=3D > > The two most relevant output types today each solve half the problem: > - P2WPKH has a compact 22-byte scriptPubKey, but uses ECDSA and puts the > full 33-byte compressed public key in the witness (~108 witness bytes per > input). > - P2TR uses Schnorr signatures (64-byte witness), but embeds the full > 32-byte x-only public key directly in the scriptPubKey, making outputs 12 > bytes larger than P2WPKH and exposing the key in every unspent output. > > Neither type achieves both a compact output and a compact witness > simultaneously. > > =3D=3D The proposal =3D=3D > > P2SKH uses OP_2 as the scriptPubKey (22 bytes, same as > P2WPKH). Spending requires a single 64-byte Schnorr signature. Verificati= on > works by key recovery: given the signature (R, s) and the challenge e =3D > TaggedHash("P2SKH/challenge", R.x || hash160(P.x) || msg), the verifier > recovers P =3D e^-1 * (s*G - R) and checks that hash160(P.x) matches the > program. The sighash reuses the BIP341 transaction digest, so cross-versi= on > replay is prevented by the scriptPubKey commitment. > > The result is the smallest combined footprint of any current single-key > output type =E2=80=94 a 22-byte output with a 64-byte witness =E2=80=94 w= hile keeping the > public key off-chain until spending. > > =3D=3D Tradeoffs =3D=3D > > The key-recovery step costs roughly one extra field inversion and scalar > multiplication compared to direct Schnorr verification. This is the price > of the 12-byte output size reduction. > > =3D=3D Open questions =3D=3D > > 1. BIP360 also claims witness version 2. If both proposals advance, one > needs to move. Version 3 seems like a natural alternative for P2SKH. > 2. Naming =E2=80=94 "P2SKH" follows the established pattern but "P2TRKH" = has been > suggested to emphasise Schnorr/taproot lineage. Opinions welcome. > > Full draft: > https://github.com/sashabeton/bips/blob/3cb9e07984b571e9510370ab7e7218620= be580dc/p2skh.md > PoC implementation: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/34826 > > Thanks in advance for any feedback. > > -- > You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups > "Bitcoin Development Mailing List" group. > To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an > email to bitcoindev+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. > To view this discussion visit > https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/bitcoindev/3dcadd5d-702a-4e6c-ad6c-2ddf= e68ec73en%40googlegroups.com > > . > --=20 You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "= Bitcoin Development Mailing List" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an e= mail to bitcoindev+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com. To view this discussion visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/bitcoindev/= CALkkCJbcUur0kao0%3DB2QQvQmM210O1TB_JkEkWLDqmzboqsN9Q%40mail.gmail.com. --000000000000a09114064d224d77 Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Taproot specifically did not do this for good reasons tha= t are well documented. I recommend you to read documentation first before a= ttempting to make changes.

D=C5=88a po 16. 3. 2026, 11= :48 sashabeton <sashabeton20= 07@gmail.com> nap=C3=ADsal(a):
Hi everyone,

I'd like to propose a new native SegWit output t= ype: Pay to Schnorr Key Hash (P2SKH).

=3D=3D The problem =3D=3D
<= br>The two most relevant output types today each solve half the problem:- P2WPKH has a compact 22-byte scriptPubKey, but uses ECDSA and puts the f= ull 33-byte compressed public key in the witness (~108 witness bytes per in= put).
- P2TR uses Schnorr signatures (64-byte witness), but embeds the f= ull 32-byte x-only public key directly in the scriptPubKey, making outputs = 12 bytes larger than P2WPKH and exposing the key in every unspent output.
Neither type achieves both a compact output and a compact witness sim= ultaneously.

=3D=3D The proposal =3D=3D

P2SKH uses OP_2 <h= ash160(P.x)> as the scriptPubKey (22 bytes, same as P2WPKH). Spending re= quires a single 64-byte Schnorr signature. Verification works by key recove= ry: given the signature (R, s) and the challenge e =3D TaggedHash("P2S= KH/challenge", R.x || hash160(P.x) || msg), the verifier recovers P = =3D e^-1 * (s*G - R) and checks that hash160(P.x) matches the program. The = sighash reuses the BIP341 transaction digest, so cross-version replay is pr= evented by the scriptPubKey commitment.

The result is the smallest c= ombined footprint of any current single-key output type =E2=80=94 a 22-byte= output with a 64-byte witness =E2=80=94 while keeping the public key off-c= hain until spending.

=3D=3D Tradeoffs =3D=3D

The key-recovery= step costs roughly one extra field inversion and scalar multiplication com= pared to direct Schnorr verification. This is the price of the 12-byte outp= ut size reduction.

=3D=3D Open questions =3D=3D

1. BIP360 als= o claims witness version 2. If both proposals advance, one needs to move. V= ersion 3 seems like a natural alternative for P2SKH.
2. Naming =E2=80=94= "P2SKH" follows the established pattern but "P2TRKH" h= as been suggested to emphasise Schnorr/taproot lineage. Opinions welcome.
Full draft: https://github.com/sashabeton/bips/blob/3cb9e07984b571e9510370ab7e72= 18620be580dc/p2skh.md
PoC implementation: https:= //github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/34826

Thanks in advance for an= y feedback.

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