fuzz: Update FuzzedDataProvider.h from upstream (LLVM) #20740

Update FuzzedDataProvider.h from upstream (LLVM).

Upstream revision: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/6d0488f75bb2f37bcfe93fc8f59f6e78c9a0c939/compiler-rt/include/fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h

Changes since last update:

• [compiler-rt] FuzzedDataProvider: add ConsumeData and method.
• [compiler-rt] Fix a typo in a comment in FuzzedDataProvider.h.
• [compiler-rt] Add ConsumeRandomLengthString() version without arguments.
• [compiler-rt] Refactor FuzzedDataProvider for better readability.
• [compiler-rt] FuzzedDataProvider: make linter happy.
• [compiler-rt] Mark FDP non-template methods inline to avoid ODR violations.

https://drahtbot.space/host_reports/DrahtBot/reports/coverage_fuzz/practicalswift/bitcoin/e3d2ba7c70b13a21/fuzz.coverage/index.html

https://marcofalke.github.io/btc_cov/fuzz.coverage/index.html

ACK e3d2ba7c70b13a2165020e45abf02373a1e953f7 🌛

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