The util::ResultPtr class is a wrapper for util::Result providing syntax sugar to make it less awkward to use with returned pointers. Instead of needing to be deferenced twice with **result or (*result)->member, it only needs to be dereferenced once with *result or result->member. Also when it is used in a boolean context, instead of evaluating to true when there is no error and the pointer is null, it evaluates to false so it is straightforward to determine whether the result points to something.
This PR is only partial a solution to #26004 because while it makes it easier to check for null pointer values, it does not make it impossible to return a null pointer value inside a successful result. It would be possible to enforce that successful results always contain non-null pointers by using a not_null type (https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/24423) in combination with ResultPtr, though.
ryanofsky
commented at 3:57 pm on September 6, 2022:
contributor
In draft state because it’s a partial solution to #26004 and could be discussed more
DrahtBot
commented at 11:11 pm on September 6, 2022:
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The following sections might be updated with supplementary metadata relevant to reviewers and maintainers.
If you consider this pull request important, please also help to review the conflicting pull requests. Ideally, start with the one that should be merged first.
LLM Linter (✨ experimental)
Possible typos and grammar issues:
“helper functions types that can be used with util::Result class to for dealing with error and warning messages.” -> “helper function types that can be used with the util::Result class for dealing with error and warning messages.” [Duplicate/misplaced “to”/wrong pluralization makes the sentence ungrammatical and hard to parse.]
“allowing each to be understood to changed more easily.” -> “allowing each to be understood or changed more easily.” [“to changed” is ungrammatical; likely intended “to be changed” or “or changed”.]
“Helper function to join messages in space separated string.” -> “Helper function to join messages in a space-separated string.” [Missing article and hyphenation; current form is grammatically incorrect.]
“Join error and warning messages in a space separated string.” -> “Join error and warning messages in a space-separated string.” [Same hyphenation/article issue as above.]
“The Result class is superset of std::expected” -> “The Result class is a superset of std::expected” [Missing article “a” makes the phrase ungrammatical.]
2026-01-17
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ryanofsky
commented at 6:28 pm on September 20, 2022:
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I also rewrote the commit and PR description. I think this is in a good state to review, despite being based on another PR.
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Rebased 8ecac0885ef5b6fc2313cd2f8dfb48c10a05db27 -> 9f58eb795ec5592c59f9af3269f004e589a2368f (pr/bresult-ptr.4 -> pr/bresult-ptr.5, compare) on top of latest #25665 (no other changes)
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Possibly due to a silent merge conflict (the changes in this pull request being
incompatible with the current code in the target branch). If so, make sure to rebase on the latest
commit of the target branch.
A sanitizer issue, which can only be found by compiling with the sanitizer and running the
affected test.
An intermittent issue.
Leave a comment here, if you need help tracking down a confusing failure.
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Rebased 5f6f91c5fd848fecdc71db25ce1c5ddbedc78f29 -> c7e73097f4a8336e23d098c2fb4296319aba318e (pr/bresult-ptr.8 -> pr/bresult-ptr.9, compare) on top of updated base PR (no changes or conflicts)
Rebased c7e73097f4a8336e23d098c2fb4296319aba318e -> f8254e78c140f5756fbd981994d17f6a91ee027b (pr/bresult-ptr.9 -> pr/bresult-ptr.10, compare) on top of updated base PR (no changes or conflicts)
Rebased f8254e78c140f5756fbd981994d17f6a91ee027b -> f44cb2416fe98a6ffafba2b37ee8e1a18b731a1f (pr/bresult-ptr.10 -> pr/bresult-ptr.11, compare) on top of updated base PR (no changes or conflicts)
Rebased f44cb2416fe98a6ffafba2b37ee8e1a18b731a1f -> 06512c44b6264f4ece4108dfcb572c0a90ec55b9 (pr/bresult-ptr.11 -> pr/bresult-ptr.12, compare) due to silent conflict with #31061
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🚧 At least one of the CI tasks failed.
Task lint: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/actions/runs/20166560660/job/57895210798
LLM reason (✨ experimental): Lint failure: a new circular dependency between util::messages and util::result triggered by lint-circular-dependencies.py causing the CI to fail.
Try to run the tests locally, according to the documentation. However, a CI failure may still
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Possibly due to a silent merge conflict (the changes in this pull request being
incompatible with the current code in the target branch). If so, make sure to rebase on the latest
commit of the target branch.
A sanitizer issue, which can only be found by compiling with the sanitizer and running the
affected test.
An intermittent issue.
Leave a comment here, if you need help tracking down a confusing failure.
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refactor: Add util::Result failure values
Add util::Result support for returning more error information. For better error
handling, adds the ability to return a value on failure, not just a value on
success. This is a key missing feature that made the result class not useful
for functions like LoadChainstate() which produce different errors that need to
be handled differently.
This change also makes some more minor improvements:
- Smaller type size. On 64-bit platforms, util::Result<int> is 16 bytes, and
util::Result<void> is 8 bytes. Previously util::Result<int> and
util::Result<void> were 72 bytes.
- More documentation and tests.
Previous commit causes the warning to be triggered, but the suboptimal return
from const statement was added earlier in 517e204bacd9d.
Warning was causing CI failure https://cirrus-ci.com/task/6159914970644480
173c0eb043
refactor: Add util::Result::Update() method
Add util::Result Update method to make it possible to change the value of an
existing Result object. This will be useful for functions that can return
multiple error and warning messages, and want to be able to change the result
value while keeping existing messages.
db27f8bc0f
refactor: Use util::Result class in LoadChainstate and VerifyLoadedChainstate0263614685
refactor: Add util::Result multiple error and warning messages
Add util::Result support for returning warning messages and multiple errors,
not just a single error string. This provides a way for functions to report
errors and warnings in a standard way, and simplifies interfaces.
The functionality is unit tested here, and put to use in followup PR
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/25722
873582ff04
test: add static test for util::Result memory usage
Suggested by Martin Leitner-Ankerl <martin.ankerl@gmail.com>
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/25722#discussion_r1174298529
Co-authored-by: Martin Leitner-Ankerl <martin.ankerl@gmail.com>
Avoid false positive maybe-uninitialized errors in
00_setup_env_native_fuzz_with_valgrind CI jobs. Similar errors also happen in
00_setup_env_arm and 00_setup_env_win64 jobs.
Problem was pointed out and fix was suggested by maflcko in
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/25665#issuecomment-3457573218
CI errors look like:
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/actions/runs/18881332233/job/53885646274?pr=25665
/home/admin/actions-runner/_work/_temp/src/wallet/test/util.cpp: In function ‘wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan* wallet::CreateDescriptor(CWallet&, const std::string&, bool)’:
/home/admin/actions-runner/_work/_temp/src/wallet/test/util.cpp:213:29: error: ‘*(const std::reference_wrapper<wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan>*)((char*)&spkm + offsetof(util::Result<std::reference_wrapper<wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan>, void, util::Messages>,util::Result<std::reference_wrapper<wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan>, void, util::Messages>::<unnamed>.util::detail::SuccessHolder<std::reference_wrapper<wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan>, void, util::Messages>::<unnamed>)).std::reference_wrapper<wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan>::_M_data’ may be used uninitialized [-Werror=maybe-uninitialized]
213 | return &spkm.value().get();
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~
/home/admin/actions-runner/_work/_temp/src/wallet/test/util.cpp:212:10: note: ‘*(const std::reference_wrapper<wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan>*)((char*)&spkm + offsetof(util::Result<std::reference_wrapper<wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan>, void, util::Messages>,util::Result<std::reference_wrapper<wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan>, void, util::Messages>::<unnamed>.util::detail::SuccessHolder<std::reference_wrapper<wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan>, void, util::Messages>::<unnamed>)).std::reference_wrapper<wallet::DescriptorScriptPubKeyMan>::_M_data’ was declared here
212 | auto spkm = Assert(keystore.AddWalletDescriptor(w_desc, keys,/*label=*/"", /*internal=*/false));
| ^~~~
a3c37e68a7
Merge branch 'pr/bresult2' into pr/bresult-ptr23cd78342f
Add util::ResultPtr class
The util::ResultPtr class is a wrapper for util::Result providing syntax sugar
to make it less awkward to use with returned pointers. Instead of needing to be
deferenced twice with **result or (*result)->member, it only needs to be
dereferenced once with *result or result->member. Also when it is used in a
boolean context, instead of evaluating to true when there is no error and the
pointer is null, it evaluates to false so it is straightforward to determine
whether the result points to something.
This PR is only partial a solution to #26004 because while it makes it easier
to check for null pointer values, it does not make it impossible to return a
null pointer value inside a successful result. It would be possible to enforce
that successful results always contain non-null pointers by using a not_null
type (https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/24423) in combination with
ResultPtr, though.
5142f017ea
Use ResultPtr<unique_ptr> instead of Result<unique_ptr>8ef747c80f
test-each-commit: Increase fetch depth
Needed due to base PR, can be dropped before merge
618ea16aff
ryanofsky force-pushed
on Jan 17, 2026
DrahtBot removed the label
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on Jan 17, 2026
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