build: make macOS build Clang only #30206

1. 
   fanquake commented at 3:58 pm on May 30, 2024: member

   It should be possible to have a macOS (release) build environment that only uses Clang, and has no GCC toolchain installed.

   Currently that’s not possible, because Qt still reaches out to g++. This can be demo’d by Guix building this branch: https://github.com/fanquake/bitcoin/tree/guix_macos_no_gcc, which removes the gcc-toolchain package, and associated build infra from the macOS env. It will fail with:

   0Configuring qt...
   1Creating qmake...
   2make[1]: Entering directory '/bitcoin/depends/work/build/arm64-apple-darwin/qt/5.15.13-35fa99bb44b/qtbase/qmake'
   3make[1]: g++: No such file or directory
   4make[1]: *** [Makefile:250: main.o] Error 127
   

   TODO:

   • Make Qt work properly with just Clang.
2. fanquake added the label Build system on May 30, 2024

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