[WIP] build: name install targets as components #31847

Adds component names to the CMake install targets to allow for component-based installs. Such installs are helpful when a user only wants to install bitcoind or bitcoin-cli executables specifically, for example.

At present, the component names use Pascal case to follow the existing convention for the only pre-existing named component Kernel, however, there is a convincing case to be made for using kebab-case to more intuitively match the names of the executable binaries.

Component based installs can be performed using:

cmake -B build
cmake --build build --target bitcoind bitcoin-cli
cmake --install build --component BitcoinD BitcoinCli

Supported targets:

• BitcoinWallet
• BitcoinD
• BitcoinNode
• BitcoinCli
• BitcoinTx
• BitcoinUtil

Attempts to close #31745.

Possible improvements:

• Scour other nested CMakeLists.txt files for additional targets.
• Switch to kebab-case

New contributor here; new to Bitcoin, new to CMake, happy to help, learn and receive feedback.

Currently submitted as a draft to inspect build results as a PoC.

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Code Coverage & Benchmarks

For details see: https://corecheck.dev/bitcoin/bitcoin/pulls/31847.

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Thank, although there is already a PR open to do this in #31844.

Closing in favor of #31844.