Adds a -version or --version option to print just the version of the program for bitcoind, bitcoin-cli and bitcoin-qt (almost every program on linux supports this, I've made the mistake of calling bitcoind with --version multiple times already, before deciding to finally add it).
Also make it that -help can be used to display the help (as well as existing --help). Up to now, -help was the only option that didn't work with either one or two dashes.
Edit: maybe it's a good idea to add license information as well (for example, ls does this too) as print the versions for dependency libraries such as OpenSSL, that would fix #1930.