With bitcoin-qt compiled with --disable-wallet, this gets printed in debug.log on startup:
GUI: QObject::connect: No such slot BitcoinGUI::gotoOverviewPage() in qt/bitcoingui.cpp:274
GUI: QObject::connect: No such slot BitcoinGUI::gotoSendCoinsPage() in qt/bitcoingui.cpp:276
GUI: QObject::connect: No such slot BitcoinGUI::gotoReceiveCoinsPage() in qt/bitcoingui.cpp:278
GUI: QObject::connect: No such slot BitcoinGUI::gotoHistoryPage() in qt/bitcoingui.cpp:280
Referring to https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9acbb4180a383ff123e07887a24b439cef846e89/src/qt/bitcoingui.cpp#L274 and onwards.
The corresponding slots in bitcoingui.h are under an #ifdef ENABLE_WALLET so presumably these connections should be too.
And yes those pages indeed don't exist in a GUI compiled without a wallet.
(This doesn't have any negative effect other than the log messages.)