Update base Travis OS to xenial from trusty.
Link to Travis Docs for Xenial: https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/reference/xenial/
As noted in the documentation, Docker version is also updated from 17.06 to 18.06
Also includes: - If running Bitcoin config with LSan sanitizer, Allow ptrace in Docker run command - Increase timeout of feature_assumevalid test to fix flaky tests