build: Bump VS minimum supported version to 18.0 #33861

1. 
   hebasto commented at 3:09 pm on November 12, 2025: member

   The new VS 18.0 release includes numerous bug fixes.

   Drafted pending:

   1. Availability in GHA.
   2. The inclusion of CMake 4.2 as part of the Visual Studio installation (currently 4.1.1 is shipped).
2. build: Bump VS minimum supported version to 18.0 739476746a
3. refactor: Remove workaround for resolved MSVC bug

   The bug was fixed in Visual Studio 18.0.

   4fb8f48bc6
4. hebasto added the label Refactoring on Nov 12, 2025
5. hebasto added the label Windows on Nov 12, 2025
6. hebasto added the label Build system on Nov 12, 2025
7. 
   DrahtBot commented at 3:10 pm on November 12, 2025: contributor

   The following sections might be updated with supplementary metadata relevant to reviewers and maintainers.

   Code Coverage & Benchmarks

   For details see: https://corecheck.dev/bitcoin/bitcoin/pulls/33861.

   Reviews

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   Conflicts

   Reviewers, this pull request conflicts with the following ones:

   • #31974 (Drop testnet3 by Sjors)

   If you consider this pull request important, please also help to review the conflicting pull requests. Ideally, start with the one that should be merged first.

   LLM Linter (✨ experimental)

   Possible typos and grammar issues:

   • speedup -> speed up [“speedup” as one word is a noun; the intended verb phrase here is “speed up”]

   drahtbot_id_5_m

8. 
   fanquake commented at 3:35 pm on November 12, 2025: member

   Seems a bit premature, if this is still waiting for multiple pieces of unreleased software? Could just wait for it to be shown as fixed in a nightly build?
9. DrahtBot added the label CI failed on Nov 12, 2025

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hebasto DrahtBot fanquake

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Refactoring Windows Build system CI failed